Types de nuisances [EN]
Adware
Awware is software that enables displaying banner advertisements when the program is running.
Backdoor
A program that installs itself in such a way that the infected computer can be accessed and controlled remotely.
Bot / Botnet
Computers (bots) that are part of a network, which itself is controlled by a robot, is often called a botnet.
Browser hijacker
This term covers a range of malicious software. The most generally accepted description for browser hijacking software is external code that changes your Internet Explorer settings.
Clickjacking
Clickjacking is a malicious technique of tricking Web users into revealing confidential information or taking control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous Web pages.
Dialer
A dialer is an electronic device that is connected to a telephone line to monitor the dialed numbers and alter them to seamlessly provide services that otherwise require lengthy access codes to be dialed.
Dropper
A dropper is a program that has been designed to "install" some sort of malware (virus, backdoor, etc) to a target system.
Greyware
Software that may be viewed as useful in some instances, but which also includes component(s) that may be seen as malicious or annoying in other contexts
IP Spoofing
A technique used to gain unauthorized access to computers, whereby the intruder sends messages to a computer with an IP address indicating that the message is coming from a trusted host.
IRC-bots
An IRC bot is a set of scripts or an independent program that connects to IRC-Internet Relay Chat as a client, and so appears to other IRC users as another user.
Keylogger
Programs, which log the keys pressed on a keyboard and (usually) send this to a third party.
Money-muling
Money muling is when a criminal persuades an individual to use their bank accounts to launder the proceeds of crime.
Ransomware
Encryption of files on a computer, and leaving a message that a certain ransom has to be paid for the decryption key to be disclosed.
Rogueware
Rogueware consists of any kind of fake software solution that attempts to steal money from PC users by luring them into paying to remove nonexistent threats.
Rootkit
Rootkits are software used to hide files, running processes, Registry entries, or other kinds of data.
Scareware
Scareware comprises several classes of scam software with malicious payloads, or of limited or no benefit, that are sold to consumers via certain unethical marketing practices.
Smishing
Smishing is derived from the familiar "phishing." The "sm" comes from SMS, the protocol used to transmit text messages via cellular devices.
Spyware
Spyware is programs that collect information about a person or an organization without that entity's consent and awareness.
SQL Injection
SQL Injection or SQLi is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability in some computer software.
Tracking cookie
The most commonly used trackware is a Tracking Cookie - a small piece of data that identifies a certain user or a certain computer, with the help of a web browser configured to store cookies.
Trojan
A program that seems to be genuine and even useful, and thereby tricks the users to install/use it.
Virus
A virus is designed to copy itself and propagate from one computer file to another, usually by attaching itself to program files.
Vulnerability
A flaw in a computer program, which may allow someone to perform action(s) not intended by the author of the program.